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Han Chinese clothing

History
A portrait of Confucius Tang Dynasty (Wu Daozi) Hanfu showing in the Spring and Autumn Period of the dynasty Eastern Zhou.
12 Chinese-century painting of Han Xizai Night ceremonies () that shows musicians dressed Hanfu
Hanfu has a history of more than three millennia and is said to have been used by the legendary Yellow Emperor. Since the beginning of its history, Hanfu (especially in elite circles) is inseparable from silk, supposedly discovered by the Yellow Emperor's consort, Leizu. The first historical dynasty known solidly China, Shang Dynasty (c.1600 BC-1000 BC) developed the rudiments of Hanfu, but consisted of a yi, a narrow cuffed, knee tunic tied with a sash, and a tight skirt, ankle, called Shang bixi worn with a piece of fabric that reached the knees. The bright primary colors and green were used because the level of technology at that time.
Dynasty of the Shang to follow the Western Zhou Dynasty, set up a strictly hierarchical society that used clothing as a meridian of state, and inevitably, the height of a value influenced the decoration of a suit. These markers include the length of a skirt, the amplitude of a beam and the degree of ornamentation. In addition to these changes in the orientation class Hanfu became the loser, with the introduction of wide sleeves and jade decorations hung from the sheet that serves to maintain the closed yoi. The yi was wrapped in essence, in a style known as Jiaoling Youren, or wrap the right-hand side before the left, the initial challenge to the user larger right hand (the Chinese discouraged lefty like many other historic cultures, taking into account the unnatural and unfortunate).
In the Eastern Zhou dynasty, the "deep mantle" (shenyi) showed a combination of tunic and skirt. The upper and lower halves were cut separately but sewn as a single unit. An additional change was the formation the left side of the suit in a corner, set in the chest. Perhaps due to the influence of Confucius, disapproval of a hierarchical society for social mobility based on personal merit, the shenyi was quickly approved. There was still an elite, however, and monopolized most ornate fabrics and great details.
Standard Style
Garments
The style of clothing can be summarized as Han Chinese clothing that contain elements that are organized in distinctive and sometime specific ways. This may be different from the traditional clothing of other ethnic groups in China, including Manchuria clothes influence of China, the qipao, which is popularly supposed to be the only recognizable style as "traditional" Chinese suit. A comparison of the two styles can be seen in the following way:
Component
Han
Manchu
Alto Clothing
Consist of "yi" (), which have loose flaps are open
Consists of "pao" (), which have secured flaps around the neck and no front opening
Low Clothing
Consists of skirts called "chang / shang" (pronounced ch-a-ng) (pronounced sh-a-ng) ()
It consists of trousers or pants called "ku" (pronounced k-oo) ()
Necklaces
In general, diagonally across each other, with the left over right
Necklaces parallel diagonal parallel vertical flaps that overlap
Mangas
Long and loose
Narrow and tight
Buttons
Little used and hidden inside the garment
Numerous and prominent
Accessories
Belts and sashes are used to close, safe, and place the clothing around the waist
Flat systems are adorned buttoning normally used to secure the mouth and place the clothing around the neck and upper torso
Shenyi () a type of clothing China Have been commonly used in the pre-Shang to the Han Dynasty. This form is known as the quju () and used mainly by women.
A complete clothing is Hanfu assembled from several pieces of clothing in a dress:
Yi (): Any open cross-necked garment, and worn by both sexes
Pao (): Any garment closed all the body, used only by men in Hanfu
Ru (): open-necked shirt cross
Shan (): Open cross-necked shirt or jacket that is used in the Yi
Qun () and Shang (): skirt for women and men, respectively
Ku (): pants or
People are also able to customize with tassels jade pendants and hanging ornaments various belt or girdle, known as pei ().
Caps and hats
At the top of the clothes, hats (for men) hairpieces (for women) may be used. One can often tell the profession or social status of a person by what they carry in their heads. The typical male hat or cap is called a jin () for commoners and turkey () for the privileged. Officials and academics have a separate set of hats for them, usually the putou (), the wushamao (), the Jin-fang Pingding if (, or simply fangjin:) and the Chuang-jin (). A typical woman's wig is a ji (), but they are more elaborate hairpieces.
Traditionally, Chinese men take their hats indoors as outdoors unlike their Western counterparts. This is mainly because most the hats are too impractical to take off and carry around.
Style
Another type of Chinese have Shenyi () is commonly used in the pre-Shang Han Dynasty This form is known as the Zhijuan () and used mainly by men
Han Chinese clothing-had changed and evolved with the fashion of days from its inception commonly assumed in the Shang Dynasty. Many of the previous designs are more neutral and simple in stakes. Later, the apparel incorporates multiple parts use the common man pants and women usually wear skirts. Clothing for women usually accentuates the natural curves of the body through the envelope flaps of the upper garment or binding with sashes at the waist.
Each dynasty has its own styles of Hanfu as they have evolved and only some styles are "fossils."
Casual wear
Types include tops (yi) and bottoms (divided further into pants and skirts for both sexes, with different terminologies qun for females and shang for males), and one piece suits that are wrapped around the body once or several times (shenyi).
Shenyi (): a long dress of the whole body
Quju (): wrap the body in diagonal
Zhijuan (): straight tabs
Zhongyi () O Zhongda (): underwear of mostly white cotton or silk
Shanqun (): a short coat with a long skirt
Ruqun (): an upper garment with a separate lower garment or skirt
Kuzhe (): a short coat with pants
Zhiduo / Zhishan (/): a suit of Ming dynasty style, similar to a shenyi Zhijuan but vents in 'sleeves sewn' one side (ie, sleeve cuff closes to keep a small opening for the hand to go through)
Two traditional ways of ruqun (), a type of Chinese garments were worn by women. The cuffs and sleeves of the upper garment may be higher or lower voltage depending on style. Skirt Short or braid weighted (weight provided by a pendant of jade or gold) is sometimes used to improve the aesthetics or comfort of the basic ruqun.
A typical set of Hanfu may consist of two or three layers. The first layer of clothing is especially Zhongyi () which is usually underwear much like a Western T-shirt and pants. The following layer is the main layer of clothing that is mostly closed in the front. There can be an optional third layer which is often called zhaoshan a coat that is open in front. Hanfu more complicated sets may have many more layers.
For footwear, white socks and black cloth shoes (white soled) are the norm, but in the past, the shoes may have a front panel connected to the tip of the shoes. Taoists, Buddhists and Confucians can have gallons white stripe.
semi-formal wear
A piece of Hanfu can be "made semi-official" by adding the following appropriate items:
Chang / Shang: pleated skirt
Bixi (): The front panel attached long cloth belt
Zhaoshan (): Displayable long coat
Guan or official hats
In general, this form of wear is accessible for meetings or going to meetings and other special cultural events. This dress is often worn by the nobility or upper class because they are parts often expensive clothes, usually of silk and damask. The jacket sleeves are often deeper than shenyi to create a more bulky appearance.
Men and women xuanduan in formal wear at a ceremony of Confucius in China.
Formal Wear
In addition to casual and semiformal, there is a way of dressing that is used only in certain special occasions (such as major sacrifices or religious activities) or by special people who are entitled to use them (for example, officials and emperors).
formal clothing may include:
Xuanduan (): A very formal dark suit, white tie equivalent to Western
Daopao / Fusha (/): Taoist / Buddhist priests dressed in full ceremonial dress
Yuanlingshan (), Lanshan () or panlingpao (): closed gown with round neck, used primarily for the official or academic dress
The more formal than a civil Hanfu can use is xuanduan (sometimes called yuanduan), which consists of a black or dark blue upper garment reaching to the knees, with long sleeves (often with white trim), a background color changing red, a red bixi (which may have a motive and / or be edged in black) Optional white belt with two white streamers hanging from the side or slightly toward the front peishou call (), and a long black kettle. In addition, users can lead a graphical user interface jade long () or wood hu () compressed (used when greeting royalty.) This dress is mostly used in sacrificial ceremonies as Ji Tian () and Ji Zu (), etc, but is also suitable for official acts.
The religious orders using a simple garment middle layer followed highly decorated with a layer or coat. Taoists have a "clad in scarlet '(), which makes a great cape sewn into the hem to create deep sleeves used for a long time in very formal ritual. Often are scarlet or crimson in color with broad edges and embroidered with intricate symbols and motifs, as the eight trigrams and the yin and Yang Taiji symbol. Buddhists have a layer with lines of gold on a crimson background creating a brick pattern that wraps around the left shoulder and secured on the right side of the body with string. May have decorations, especially for priests.
Those who are in academia or the bureaucracy have distinctive costumes (known as shangfu in terms of court dress.) This varies over time, but usually are wearing neck closed in the front. The most notable is the hat that has "wings" attached. Only those who passed the civil examinations right to use, but a variation of it can be used by regular and secular scholars and even a boyfriend at a wedding (but no hat).
Court Dress
Court dress is the dress worn on very formal occasions and ceremonies found in the presence of a monarch (such as an enthronement ceremony.) The full set of clothing can be made up of many complex layers and look very prepared. Court dress is similar to xuanduan components, but have additional embellishments and elaborate hats. They are often brightly colored with vermilion and blue. There are different versions Cutting the costume used for certain occasions.
Dress Court refers to:
Romanization
Hanzi
Definition
Chaofu
ceremonial court dress of officials or nobility
Jifu
ceremonial dress used in the state of sacrifices
Gongfu
formal version tailored suit all day
Shangfu
everyday court dress
Mianfu
ceremonial / clothing for the emperor enthronement
The practical use of suit Cutting has become obsolete in the modern era because there is no monarch reigns in China more.
Specific Style
Historically, Han clothing has influenced many of their customs cultural neighbors, the Japanese kimono, yukata, and ot THN Vietnamese. Conversely, Hanfu elements have also been influenced by neighboring cultural costumes, especially by nomadic peoples of the north, Central Asia and western cultures through the Silk Road.
Tang Dynasty Hanfu
Tang Dynasty was a period of the golden age for the town where the culture and economy were thriving. Above all, Women's clothing and personal adornment was a major reform in this period. Despite still continues to wear his predecessors as Han and Sui, the fashion during the Tang dynasty was also influenced by its cosmopolitan culture and the arts. Communications and trades were flourishing among the Tang and many places and cultures and has changed the thoughts and concepts of the old practices. Before the Tang, Chinese women were restricted by the old code of Confucius statues of women were low and clothing that are hidden. However, during the Tang Dynasty, women's clothing gradually became broad and loose. Tang Dynasty was regarded by some as another turning point for Hanfu. During the Tang, the foreign culture was encouraged accepted by the Chinese and the mixture of traditional Chinese culture. These ranged from foreign cultures Gandhara, Turkestan, Persia to Hellenism, while these influences are fused Tang on clothes without the leadership of a particular culture.
Hanfu Song Dynasty
Some features of the spike clothing led to the Song Dynasty as the customs tribunal. Song customs tribunal often use red color for clothing, shoes, black leather edges and corners hats.Collar sleeve all the clothes have been excavated were decorated with laces or embroidery patterns. These garments were decorated with motifs of the peony, camellia, plum flower and the lily, etc. Empress song often had three to five distinguishing marks such as jewelry, in your face (both sides of the cheek, two near the eyebrows and the forehead). Although some of the clothing song has similarities with the previous dynasties, some unique features that separate from the rest. Many of the garment comes in Song and Yuan Ming.
Dynasty Ming Hanfu
Ming Dynasty also brought many changes in their clothes as many do dynasties. Held metal buttons and collar changed the type of symmetry Song Dynasty (960-1279) to the main circular type. Compared with the costume of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the proportion of upper outer garment for reduce the slope of the Ming dynasty was reversed significantly. Since the upper outer garment was shorter and lower garment was longer, with a little jacket gradually became longer to shorten the length of the foot exposed. The youth of the mid Ming Dynasty generally preferred to wear these vests. Vests of the Qing dynasty, became the Yuan Dynasty. During the Ming Dynasty, codes and Confucian ideals became popular and has a significant effect clothing.
EV
Types of Han Chinese clothing
Han clothing
Banbi Zhiduo Daxiushan Diyi Ruqun Chang-ao Beizi Daopao Yuanlingshan Panling Lanshan Shenyi
Hats
Song Tang official headwear hats official Ming official headwear
Other
Phoenix crown square Mandarin
Ethnicity
According to the official commentary of the Tang Dynasty scholar Kong Yingda to Shu and Shang Zuo Zhuan, clothing China plays an important role in ethnic identity in China. He says: "In China, there is the greatness of the rituals and social behavior, which is why it is called Xia () is not the beauty of the dress and decoration., This is called Hua (). "The Hua Xia and words combine to form the word Huaxia (), which is a name that is often used to represent the Chinese civilization.
Gallery
A servant and adviser men in silk robes china, ceramic figurines Western Han period (202 BC 9 AD)
Han dynasty (202 BC-AD 220) ceramic figurine ballerina woman
Yuanlingshan robes of an emperor Tang
Ladies of the Tang Court of the tomb of Li Xianhui, Qianling Mausoleum of 706.
A painting of the dynasty Tang women playing with a dog, by the artist Zhou Fang, the eighth century.
A Song Dynasty empress, wife of Emperor Zhenzong of Song
Imperial Portrait the empress and wife of Emperor Qinzong of (11001161) of the Song dynasty in China.
A portrait of a Ming Dynasty Empress
A Ming Dynasty portrait a lady had yuanlingshan, xiapei and phoenix crown
Taoist priest in the red dress
Tang Dynasty style Hanfu
See also
Hanfu movement
List of Han Chinese clothing
China Culture
Chinese academic dress
Li Guan
Mandarin Square
Notes
Gernet ^ Jacques (1962). Daily life in China in the Vespers of the Mongol invasion, 1250-1276. Translated by HM Wright. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 130. ISBN 0-8047-0720-0.
^
^ Xu Zhongguo Gudai Cidian Lisu, p. 7.
^ Taoist headgear and clothing - scarlet tunic
^ High Priest of Shaolin Monastery
^ Stevens, Rebecca (1996). Kimono inspiration: art and art-to-wear in the U.S.. Granada. 131 142 pp. ISBN 0876545983.
^ Dalby, Liza (2001). Kimono: Fashioning Culture. U.S. Washington: University of Washington Press. pp 2532. ISBN 0-295-98155-5.
^
^
^ FinNano, Antonia (2008), Change of clothes in China: fashion, history, nation, Columbia University Press, 4446 pp, ISBN 0231143508, http://books.google.com/books?id=Ju3N4VeiQ28C&q=nomad # v = & q = fragment of nomads
^ Kim, Sohyun. A study of the costume of Khotan, The Korean Society of Costume, v. 34, 169-183. 1997.
^ Suit in Dynastychinaculture.org Tang recovered 01/07/2010
^ Yoon Ji-won (2006). Dance Research foreign Costumes: Han Sui-Tang dynasty. 56. The Korean Society of Costume. 5772 pp. http://ocean.kisti.re.kr/IS_mvpopo212L.do?cn1=JAKO200617033616779&poid=kna&method=download.
Costume in the Song ^ recovered Dynastychinaculture.org 01/07/2010
^ Suit in the Ming recovers Dynastychinaculture.org 01/07/2010
^
^
^
References
Xiba Zhou (1984), Zhongguo Fushi Gudai Shi (History Ancient Chinese costume), Beijing: Zhongguo Xiju.
Zhou Xun, Gao Chunming, China's Costumes Research Group (1984), 5000 years of Chinese costumes, Hong Kong: The Commercial Press. ISBN 9620750217
Xu Jialu (1991), Zhongguo Gudai Lisu Cidian (Dictionary of rituals and customs of ancient China).
Shen Congwen (1999, 2006), Gudai Zhongguo Fushi Yanjiu (Research on the costumes of ancient China), Shanghai: Shanghai Century Publishing Group. ISBN 7-80678-329-6
, Nengfu Huang and Chen Juanjuan (1999), Zhonghua Lidai Yishu Fushi (The Art of Chinese clothing through the ages) in Beijing.
Hua Mei (2004), Gudai Fushi (ancient dress), Beijing: Chubanshe Wenmu. ISBN 7-5010-1472-8
External Links
The history of Chinese clothing
Hanfu Test of English A blog Hanfu
Traditional Chinese Clothing Warehouse
Information Additional
Hanfu Union (Chinese)
Hanfu Promotion Association
EV
Clothing
Materials
Cotton Leather Clothing Leather Nylon Polyester Wool Silk Rayon Spandex
Tops
Blouse Crop top halterneck dress shirt Henley shirt Hoodie Jersey Guernsey (clothing) sleeveless polo shirt of jersey T-shirt neck top tube
Pants or
Flared pants Bondage pants Boxer shorts Capri pants Cargo pants Culottes Cycling shorts Jeans Jodhpurs Overall Parachute pants Shorts Phat tracksuit pants Windpants
Skirts
A-line skirt ballerina skirt Fustanella skirt Hobble skirt Jean skirt Leather skirt Kilt working man Microskirt skirts poodle pencil skirt skirt skirt skirt skirt pareo prairie Rah rah-Wrap Slip Skort Train
Dresses
Prom Dress Cocktail dress Evening gown Gown Jumper dress black dress Petticoat Sari sundress tea dress Wedding Dress
Costumes and uniform
Afrocentric academic dress dress black tie Buddhist monastic robe clothing Administrative Tribunal Mono Gymslip Mao suit Lab coat dress Pantsuit am Team Red Sea Scrubs Stroller Tuxedo White Tie Tangzhuang
Coats
Abaya Academic gown Blazer Cloak Anorak Apron Duffle coat coat jacket Opera coat hooded jacket coat layer Redingote Waterproof Poncho Robe Shawl Shrug ski suit top layer blanket sleeve trench coat jacket vest huntress
Underwear
Reports written Boxer Boxer shorts Brassiere compression girdle corset panties lingerie mens underwear long underwear panties trunks Teddy T
Accessories
Belly Belt Bow tie Chain Wallet caps Gaiters Gloves pending bag collar leg warmer tights scarf tie Sunglasses stockings suspenders
Footwear
Sports shoes boot dress shoes Sox Flip-flop sandal shoes pump shoes sock
Hats
Balaclava Gaung Fascinator Hat Cap Helmet Hijab Hood Paung headband scarf ushanka Turban Hat Niqb Mantilla Veil
Sleepwear
Babydoll Blanket Bata bed gown Nightcap Pajamas sleeping gown
Swimwear
Bikini Swim Suit Diaper
GARMENT
Back closure Buckle Button Collar Cuff Elastic grommet Fly Hemline Hook and eye neck flap pocket shoulder strap shoulder pad sleeve snap zipper Velcro Waist Belt
Costume National
Abaya Aboyne dress, ot di ba or Barong Tagalog THN Baro't saya bunad jbningurinn cheongsam dashiki Deel dhoti Dirndl Djellaba Gkti Chinese Gho and Kira have worn Hanbok Jellabiya Kente cloth Jilbb Kilt Kimono Kebaya Lederhosen Sampot Sarafan Sari Sarong Scottish dress
Historical garments
Banyan Pants nightgown panties blouse Braccae Brunswick Chemise Chiton Chlamys Frock Farthingale exomis double himation Houppelande Justacorps Palla peplum jacket hose Polonaise Smock-Stola Toga Tunic Dress
History and surveys
Africa Ancient Greece Anglo Ancient World Ancient Rome Byzantine Clothing terminology Dress code Early Medieval Europe Formal wear Han China History History of clothing and textiles of Western fashion series (1100-2000s) sumptuary law Timeline of clothing and textiles technology Vietnamese Women's underwear pants
See also
Adaptive clothing Adult diaper Bathrobe Costume Fashion Laundry Ironing clothes clothing reversible blockade
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