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The Elephant Celebes
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The Elephant Celebes
Max Ernst, 1921
Oil on canvas
125.4cm 107.9cm (49.37in 42.48in)
Tate Gallery, London
The Elephant Celebes Celebes (or) is a painting of 1921 by German Dadaist and surrealist Max Ernst. It is one of the most famous of the early Surrealist works by Ernst and "undoubtedly the first masterpiece of Surrealist painting in the tradition of De Chirico. "combines the living, dreamy atmosphere of surrealism with the collage aspects of Dada.
Description and influences
Giorgio de Chirico was an inspiration to the early Surrealists, and Celebes palette and spatial construction show its influence. The painting is also of Dada collage apply effects to simulate different materials. Ernst realistic portrait of the elements produces a hallucinatory effect which is associated with collage, and was trying to achieve in this table. As to the technique of collage, Ernst said, "[is] the systematic exploitation of the coincidental or artificially provoked encounter two more independent of the realities in a plane apparently improper and the spark of poetry created by the proximity of these realities. "
The central focus of painting is a giant mechanical elephant. It is round and has a trunk like hose that protrudes from it. Corps around the figure is inspired by a photograph in a magazine of anthropology a clay bin of corn from a tribe of southern Sudan, the Konkombwa. Celebes suggests "the ritual and totemic sculpture of African origin", evidenced by the totem pole-like right and bull horns in Fig. The book uniquely combines found imagery and tribal elements.
Ernst creature has a metal sleeve ruffled or neck, and a head with horns and tail. The low horizon emphasizes the creature in bulk, and the gesture of the headless mannequin, introduces the audience to the figure. The mannequin wears a surgical glove, a symbol common surreal. This naked figure may have a mythological connotation, suggesting that the abduction of Europe by Zeus, while disguised as a bull. The almost empty sky contains more inconsistencies: two fish "flying" on the left writer (the scene is considered are under water). The black form on the right of the fish looks like a plane in the opposite direction, and there is a smoke trail on the right side of the sky. These may be allusions to terror "mechanics of the experience of war," which led to writing Ernst, "On August 1, 1914 Ernst Max died. He was raised on 11 November 1918, a young man who aspired to find the myths of his time. "Celebes, then, seems to represent the myth of destruction.
"Celebes" was once the popular name for the island of Sulawesi, one of the larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia. Ernst said that the Celebes Penrose title is derived from the words of the German schooling rhyme with sexual connotations:
Von der Elefant Elefant CelebesHat von hinten etwas SumatraDer v gelebesDer? Gelt GrossmamaDer Seine IndienDer kann das von Elefant Loch nicht finden
The elephant [C] elebeshas sticky, yellow elephant Sumatraalways fund greaseThe fucks her from grandmammaThe elephant never find the hole has Indiaca ha --
In this context, the totem pole can be interpreted as a phallic symbol.
History
The picture is less common but the original title is Celebes, According to inscriptions on the obverse and reverse of the fabric. Ernst Celebes painted in Cologne in 1921. The French poet and surrealist Paul visited Ernst UARD that year and bought the painting and brought it back to Paris. Eluard to buy other boxes Ernst, and Ernst painted murals Eluard's house in Eaubonne. He remained in the collection Eluard's until 1938 and then was bought by the English artist Roland Penrose. He has been in the collection of the Tate Gallery, London since 1975 and shown at the Tate Modern. The reverse the fabric is decorated with some scribbles apparently unrelated to the topic at the front of the material, including two figures holding golf club next to the word "golf".
Sources
^ Ab Wilson, Simon (March 1978). "" Dada and Surrealism for review "at the Hayward Gallery. The Burlington Magazine 120 (900): 178 181184.
^ Jeffett abcdef, William (1990). "Max Ernst" in James Vinson (ed.), International Dictionary of Art and Artists vol. 2, art. Detroit: St. James Press, pp. 86,465. ISBN 1-55862-001-X.
^ Klingseohr ABC-Leroy, Cathrin (2004). Surrealism. Taschen. p.50. ISBN 3822822159.
^ Walther, Ingo F. and Robert Suckale (2002). Masterpieces of Western Art: A History of Art in 900 Individual Studies from the Gothic to the present. Taschen. p.608. ISBN 3822818259.
External Links
Tate Gallery
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